Discuss air pollution and explain how we can combat it.

Air pollution is the process by which poisonous gases are released into the air. Poisonous gases are usually residues in factories which manufacture useful goods. The earth, including the water and the air, has ways and means to neutralise nearly anything that is natural. It just takes longer to neutralise some substances than others. In the case of poisonous gases, the earth cannot cope if the gas released is too large an amount. Hence while the earth is slowly neutralising the effect of whatever poison we have turned loose in the atmosphere, people, animals and plants are being destroyed.

Mass poisoning occurs when a large volume of toxic gas or gases are suddenly released into the atmosphere. Such an instance took place in Bhopal — India. Hundreds of people were killed and many others became blind. A gas that can cause havoc to people is carbon monoxide. This is an unstable gas which is always seeking one more atom of oxygen to make itself into carbon dioxide. So when a person breathes in carbon monoxide, the gas takes the required oxygen from a person’s blood stream, leading to rapid death.

Other than these drastic examples, the atmosphere is also polluted slowly. The coming of the industrial revolution resulted in large numbers of factories springing up all over the world. Consequently, the production of carbon dioxide also exploded. At the same time trees were cut down everywhere to make way for the factories. Since nature has a wonderful system where we breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide while plants do the reverse, this balance is greatly upset. Hence the plants are not able to cope — since there are less of them and more of carbon dioxide. This is air pollution.

Toxic gases do not just pollute the air. When it rains, the toxic gases dissolve and come down as acid rain – causing a lot of harm to plants and animals which live in the water. Since the food cycle is now filled with poison, the poison comes back to man and the animals.

Air pollution can be fought only by an international effort. Perhaps with everyone becoming more aware of the dangers, we will soon see a way out.

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